The tooth fairy is a welcome guest for any child who has lost a tooth. Not only will the fairy leave a small gift under the child’s pillow, but they be assured of a replacement tooth in a few months. Unfortunately, the scenario is quite different for adults grappling with a loss of teeth. Luckily, there may be some hope thanks to a new study performed by scientists at Kyoto University and the University of Fukui.
A dental breakthrough
While the typical adult mouth houses 32 teeth, approximately 1% of the population exhibits variations of them, either possessing more or fewer teeth due to congenital conditions. Researchers have delved into the genetic factors behind cases of excessive teeth, seeking valuable insights into the potential regeneration of teeth in adults. This study is the first to show that monoclonal antibodies can help regrow teeth. It suggests a new way to treat a dental problem that currently requires implants and other artificial solutions.
A bit of science
The research team disclosed that an antibody targeting a specific gene, known as uterine sensitization-associated gene-1 (USAG-1), can induce tooth development in mice affected by tooth agenesis, a congenital condition. The findings were published in the journal, Science Advances.
As per Katsu Takahashi, a senior lecturer at the Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine and one of the principal contributors to the study, the essential molecules crucial for the development of teeth have already been pinpointed. “The morphogenesis of individual teeth depends on the interactions of several molecules including BMP, or bone morphogenetic protein, and Wnt signaling,” says Takahashi.
On April 13, 2021, the University of Kyoto posted its first pic of newly-grown teeth in mice.
BMP and Wnt are involved in more than just tooth development; they affect the growth of organs and tissues early in the body’s development. Because drugs affecting them directly might have broad side effects, scientists are cautious. To find a potentially safer method, researchers focused on the gene USAG-1, thinking that aiming at factors countering BMP and Wnt specifically in tooth development could be more precise.
“We knew that suppressing USAG-1 benefits tooth growth. What we did not know was whether it would be enough,” added Takahashi.
The first results
Scientists looked at how different monoclonal antibodies affect USAG-1. Monoclonal antibodies are often used to treat things like cancer and arthritis and for making vaccines. Tests with this antibody showed that BMP signaling is crucial for deciding the number of teeth in mice. Also, just one treatment was enough to grow a whole tooth. Further tests confirmed these positive results in ferrets too.
“Ferrets are diphyodont animals with similar dental patterns to humans. Our next plan is to test the antibodies on other animals, such as pigs and dogs,” explained Takahashi.
Fully regrown frontal teeth in ferrets
The next steps
Now, scientists are going to test the drug on healthy adults. If that goes well, the team plans to try it on kids aged 2 to 6 with a rare tooth problem called anodontia, a genetic disorder defined as the absence of all teeth. These kids will get one shot of the drug to see if it makes their teeth grow. If everything works out, the medicine might be approved by 2030.
Takahashi sees the new medicine as an additional choice for individuals who are missing some or all of their teeth.
“The idea of growing new teeth is every dentist’s dream,” Takahashi told the Japanese newspaper, The Mainichi in June this year. “I’ve been working on this since I was a graduate student. I was confident I’d be able to make it happen.”
So hopefully, by the year 2030, humans will get a chance to have their third generation of teeth grown and say goodbye to implants. Until then, make sure to keep your teeth strong and healthy — this article will help you with that.
Preview photo credit KyotoU_News / Twitter
The Journey of Phil Collins: A Remarkable Career
Phil Collins, the legendary lead singer and drummer of Genesis, has had a tremendous amount of success in the music business throughout his remarkable career. He is honored to be included in the select group of musicians, including Michael Jackson and Paul McCartney, who have together sold over 100 million records in both solo and group projects. Born in London, England on January 30, 1951, to parents with a passion for the arts, Collins was surrounded by music from a young age.
Collins’s uncle gave him a homemade drum kit when he was five years old. His unique sound would be shaped by this kit, which included miniature drums, triangles, cymbals, and tambourines, and it would also set the path for his musical career.
Collins was enthralled with the burgeoning English beat culture as a child, led by bands like The Shadows. Playing often at parties thrown by his parents’ boating club, he embraced the new and vibrant musical scene that was developing.
Collins was intrigued to the rock and roll genre after being exposed to it. He bought a record player and The Beatles’ “Please Please Me” album when he was fourteen years old. He put his drum set in front of a mirror and turned up the sound so he could practice drumming more. He could participate in this way without having to look away.
Collins was motivated to learn how to read drum sheet music, so he started tutoring students. He was aware of the usefulness of written music for playing in orchestras or dancing bands, but he soon found that playing purely intuitively spoke to him more.
Collins’ life unexpectedly took an unexpected turn in the 1970s when he came across an ad looking for a drummer for the band Genesis. Collins took a chance and contacted them, and they accepted him, ushering in his remarkable musical career.
Collins was essential to Genesis during his tenure, eventually taking over as lead vocalist when other acceptable alternatives failed to materialize. Collins overcame difficulties in adjusting to his dual duty as drummer and vocalist and went on to become one of the best musicians in the business.
Collins had enormous success both as a solo artist and as a member of Genesis. He produced singles that will never be forgotten, including “In The Air Tonight,” “You Can’t Hurry Love,” and “I Don’t Care Anymore.” He chose to pursue other musical endeavors after 25 years with Genesis, concentrating on solo work, film music, and jazz ventures. But he got back together with his old bandmates in 2017 to go on the world tour for Last Domino.
Sadly, the tour had to be postponed because of the epidemic. Concerns regarding Collins’ health surfaced during an interview with BBC Breakfast, just before the tour started. With Collins returning to the vocals and his son Nicholas Collins taking up the drums, the band is optimistic about upcoming shows.
Although Nicholas is a superb drummer, Genesis keyboardist Tony Banks recognizes that he adds a special force to the songs from the early Phil Collins catalog. Phil said, “I’d like to, but I can scarcely grip a stick with this hand,” in response to a question regarding his absence from the drum kit. Collins is adamant about pursuing his musical dreams despite his physical restrictions and is willing to get over any barriers that stand in his way.
The narrator himself, a man our age, spoke openly and with a deep sense of loss about his physical struggles in a recent interview. He thought about how he could never travel with his son or share in his travels. He had to make a tough choice on whether to pursue his musical career further or give it up. It was obvious that either because of physical constraints or deliberate decisions, he would have to give up something that was important to him. He worried a lot about the consequences of missing out on life’s prospects because things were changing so quickly.
Despite everything, Phil Collins continues to be an inspiration, exhibiting fortitude and a strong love of music despite hardship. His story offers as a monument to the strength of pursuing one’s goals in spite of obstacles. We celebrate the lasting impact he has made on the music industry and look forward to his potential future musical efforts as we reflect on his incredible career.
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